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Black Friday bushfires
The Black Friday bushfires of 13 January 1939, in Victoria, Australia, are among the worst natural bushfires (wildfires) in the world. Almost 20,000 km² (4,942,000 acres, 2,000,000 ha) of land was burned, 71 people died, several towns were entirely destroyed and the Royal Commission that resulted from it led to major changes in forest management. Over 1,300 homes and 69 sawmills were burned, and 3,70 buildings were destroyed. It was calculated that three-quarters of the State of Victoria was directly or indirectly affected by the disaster. The Royal Commission noted that "it appeared the whole State was alight on Friday, 13 January 1939".
==Conditions==
In the days preceding the fires, the state capital, Melbourne, experienced some of its hottest temperatures on record at the time: on 8 January and on 10 January. On 14 January, the day of the fires, temperatures reached , which stood as the hottest day officially recorded in Melbourne for the next 70 years. (Unofficial records show temperatures of around were reported on the Black Thursday fires of 6 February 1851).〔Argus Newspaper(Melbourne, Victoria), Saturday 28 June 1924〕
The summer of 1938–39 had been hot and dry, and several fires had broken out. By early January, fires were burning in a number of locations across the state. Then, on Friday 14 January, a strong northerly wind hit the state, causing several of the fires to combine into one massive front.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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